Behavioral management and Finance

One paragraph and two sources for each of these three topics:
1. The Stockdale Paradox and Positive Thinking
2. How to Boost Creativity by management in the workforce
3.How status in a company effects workforce and Humility among employees

Sources need to be 2 peer-reviewed articles (no books, book reviews, magazines, or Internet sites not having peer-reviewed articles)

Last Topic only two paragraph and doesn’t need sources:
Statistical inference involves estimating the parameters of a population distribution based on the distribution of samples. Traditionally, much of the sample data have been collected through subjective primary research, particularly survey responses. With the rise of readily available secondary data, much data analysis is not being conducted using archival or proprietary data stored in data warehouses. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using archival vs. primary data? Provide at least 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of using subjective survey data (primary) and secondary data.

If sources are attached to the paper I will tip.

ANSWER

Behavioral Management and Finance

The Stockdale Paradox bases its argument and philosophy on how to deal with various challenges and adversities. Stockdale faced a jail sentence that saw him undergo several struggles and hardships; he had doubts of his release and even existence till the end; finally, he got released. On the other hand, his fellow detainees had lots of hopes that they would get released pretty soon; some consoled themselves that they would leave in Christmas, Christmas would come and go; Easter would come, and then Thanksgiving and finally Christmas would be back and would fine them in prison (Von Bergen & Bressler 2017).  Stockdale Paradox emphasizes the dangers of confusing faith of prevailing in the end with an assurance of not affording to lose. Instead, one should develop the discipline of facing the cruelest facts of the current reality, whatsoever they might be. The Paradox gives businesses the bravery and most suitable approaches to handle various challenges of achieving vital goals and objectives. It advises of the importance of maintaining a clear focus during hardship circumstances (Iacoviello & Charney 2020).

Creativity and management can be boosted through various ways; one method is setting goals and giving employees the freedom to choose their approaches to achieving them. Managers’ role is to set goals and encourage and support the respective team members in achieving them; the team members should be allowed to make decisions on the best approaches and techniques to handle the goals. The second way is through providing a safe environment to enhance creativity, critical and creative thinking involves facing the challenges and questioning the recommended methods of solving problems (Friedman, Friedman & Leverton 2016).  Employees thus require the empowerment to challenge the assumptions without a feeling of insecurity. The third one is encouraging lifelong learning; research has shown that stagnation and repetition are the key barriers to creativity. Employees should thus be motivated to learn, acquire new knowledge, and devise alternative approaches to handling matters. Finally, encouraging work breaks and scene changes is the fourth one; having rest days and active service is key to creative productivity. Thus, the administration should create a system that recognizes regular breaks without making any employee guilty or insecure about the holiday (Hur, Moon & Ko 2018).

The company status can affect the workforce and humility in many ways; one method is transparency and honesty. Organizations with humble cultures have always been known for their openness and honesty; employees feel free to share their ideas and innovations. The second one is that through employee development encouragement, prosperous and humble organizations tend to prioritize continuous learning and employee development; organizations that take alternative norms are generally focused on short term daily operations (Wang, Zhang & Jia 2017). The third one is employee recognition; humble organizations appreciate and recognize their employees’ success; this helps in acknowledging the role played by every individual in the company’s success. Finally, accurate awareness plays a crucial role in affecting humility and the workforce. The organization and its employees should make a non-biased precise evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the company and individual employees’ hence minimal chances of underestimating the weakness and inflating the powers (Jeung & Yoon 2016).

One of the advantages of using archival data vs. primary data is readily available data, thereby saving effort, time, and money; this also makes it less involved in institutional research. Archival information is also exempt from review since the materials are mostly in the public domain, while some must also be dead. Archival research also allows the investigation of questions that might seem impossible to study using other ways. Archival research also enables comparative studies of historical societies and their transitions. The disadvantages include data being in a format challenging to interpret; hence might end up being expensive. The second one is time-consuming and quite laborious; therefore a researcher might spend a lot of time in one research. Finally, the available data may not include information about the variables of interest, thereby making the researcher go through several sources before getting the required ones.

Primary data has several advantages and disadvantages; benefits include; the data is specific to the problem and very useful. The data quality is meaningful and not doubtful, and finally, primary data may lead to additional data discovery and information during the collection. The disadvantages include several hassles of concern during the data collection. For instance, how, when, why, and which data to collect. The second disadvantage is the high costs of data collection, and finally its time consuming to get adequate and useful data. Secondary data also has a variety of advantages like saving effort and expenses; hence, it saves time, helps understand the problem, and finally, secondary data allows for data comparison. The disadvantages include high chances of inaccuracy, the possibility of getting outdated data, and the data is unlikely to fit into the required marketing research framework.

References

Friedman, H. H., Friedman, L. W., & Leverton, C. (2016). Increase diversity to boost creativity and enhance problem solving. Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management, 4(2), 7.

Hur, W. M., Moon, T. W., & Ko, S. H. (2018). How employees’ perceptions of CSR increase employee creativity: Mediating mechanisms of compassion at work and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Business Ethics, 153(3), 629-644.

Iacoviello, B. M., & Charney, D. S. (2020). Cognitive and behavioral components of resilience to stress. In Stress Resilience (pp. 23-31). Academic Press.

Jeung, C. W., & Yoon, H. J. (2016). Leader humility and psychological empowerment: investigating contingencies. Journal of Managerial Psychology.

Von Bergen, C. W., & Bressler, M. S. (2017). How Managers Use the Stockdale Paradox to Balance” the Now and the Next”. Administrative Issues Journal: Connecting Education, Practice, and Research, 7(2), 70-80.

Wang, J., Zhang, Z., & Jia, M. (2017). Understanding how leader humility enhances employee creativity: The roles of perspective taking and cognitive reappraisal. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 53(1), 5-31.