Nursing
question 1.
Discuss characteristic findings of immune dysfunction for either hypersensitivity reactions or AIDS. Explain what symptomology the patient would exhibit and how these symptoms may complicate daily living and relationships.
question 2
Discuss what symptoms are associated with anaphylactic shock and how the nurse differentiates these from other conditions or issues. What steps should be taken if the nurse suspects anaphylactic shock?
NO reference greater than 5 years old please
ANSWER
Discussion Essay
Question 1
Characteristic Findings of Immune Dysfunction for AIDS.
AIDS is an infection that is transmitted through vaginal fluids, semen, or blood fluid. AIDS is an advanced HIV infection that sets signs and symptoms that develop due to immune deficiency caused by HIV. The infection is characterized by a reduced immune function that leads to malignancies and opportunistic infections (Akase et al., 2017). There is a linked immune dysfunction characterized by continued unhealthy elaboration and inflammatory state of both the anti and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The symptoms of the infection can be staged as the infection progresses. The first phase has related symptoms to flu that fade between the first six weeks. The last stage progresses with symptoms such as fever, weight loss, night sweats, recurrent infections, fatigue, and extreme tiredness. AIDS tends to suppress the immune system, making the body at a greater risk for secondary contagions.
Question 2
Symptoms Associated with Anaphylactic Shock
Anaphylactic shock is a rare but severe allergic reaction with a rapid onset that can lead to death. The severe allergic reaction causes the immune system to discharge a flood of chemicals that lead to shock (DeTurk, Reddy, Pellegrino, and Wilson, 2019). This leads to blood pressure drops and airways narrowing to block breathing. The symptoms and signs of anaphylactic shock include weak, rapid pulse, vomiting, nausea and skin rash, swollen throat, chest tightness, passing out, wheezing, cough, trouble swallowing, and stomach cramping.
The symptoms of anaphylactic shock are differentiated from other conditions since they occur within minutes or seconds after one gets exposed to the allergen. Reactions linked to other conditions occur several hours after exposure. Additionally, anaphylactic shock occurs suddenly and in a severe manner that demands immediate medical attention since it can result in death.
References
Akase, I. E., Musa, B. O., Obiako, R. O., Ahmad Elfulatiy, A., & Mohammed, A. A. (2017). Immune dysfunction in HIV: a possible role for pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in HIV staging. Journal of immunology research, 2017.
DeTurk, S., Reddy, S., Pellegrino, A. N., & Wilson, J. (2019). Anaphylactic Shock. In Clinical Management of Shock-The Science and Art of Physiological Restoration. IntechOpen.
