Human Development M4.2 peer reply KF

Students should respond to at least one original post by supplying a different (3rd) theory on the fact (observable behavior in the original post). You don’t have to think the theory is right. You are only showing how different theories can apply to the same behavior. Do not respond to another student by saying that you agree or disagree with the theories already described. Do not respond by talking about the observable behavior in other people.

ANSWER

Human Development M4.2 peer reply KF

Erikson studies the changes that occur from birth, growth, and development to death. Erikson’s fourth stage of identity typically exists between the age of seven and thirteen (Orenstein and Lewis, 2021). The main task of this stage is to achieve trust, which contributes to emotional health during childhood. Failure to master the vital task during this stage can lead to social and emotional struggles throughout a child’s lifetime. Children tend to develop competency after successfully navigating this stage. Competency is a big part of confidence during human development and plays a major role in identity development. The industry vs. inferiority stage focuses on academics, competition, and social relations.

During this stage, children seek out recognition from peers and adults to gain competency and capability. This is where understanding differences and other organic issues may be experienced. This identity stage is influenced by the previous stages and is often a phase where insufficiencies may have a visible impact (Orenstein and Lewis, 2021). Children that struggle with autonomy may find it challenging to succeed without parents and may find it challenging to resist boundaries or limits. Classmates and school friends play a major role in this stage since they help develop pride in competencies and capabilities.

Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory argues that people learn through mimicking and observing others. Social behavior is learned through imitating and observing the behavior of other people, which explains the variation in a person’s learning and behavior (Bandura and Hall, 2018). Albert states that during this stage, self-efficacy is important in providing a foundation for well-being, motivation, and personal accomplishment. An individual’s efficacy is developed by social persuasion, vicarious experiences, mastery experience, and emotional states. Mastery experience is considered to be the most efficient way of building self-efficacy. Erikson’s Industry Vs. inferiority stage argues that children can perform highly complex stakes while trying to master new skills. For instance, children are encouraged and commended at home by loved ones and family to develop a stronger sense of belief and competence in their abilities.

References

Bandura, A., & Hall, P. (2018). Albert bandura and social learning theory. Learning theories for early years practice, 63.

Orenstein, G. A., & Lewis, L. (2021). Erikson stages of psychosocial development. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.