assignment

For the first assignment, I would like to have you answer the following questions. Your response should be between 1000-1200 words.

Please answer the following questions based on this module’s material:

1. Explain inbound and outbound tourism with examples.

2. Explain four phenomena that contributed to modern mass tourism.

3. Explain the major differences between the UNWTO and WTTC.

4. What are the major components of the Tourism System (lecture note part1, p. 13)? List some of the external factors that are impacting the tourism industry globally. Think beyond what’s on the slide.

Go through the article about the framework of tourism by Leiper (1979):

5. What are the three geographical elements of tourism? Out of these three regions, where do the most tourist activities take place? Explain.

6. What are the six functional components of the tourism industry?

Go through the UNWTO Highlights 2019 report:

7. What are the top 10 tourism destination countries in terms of international tourist arrivals?

8. Why do you think the US holds the third place in terms of international arrivals, but climbs up to the first place in terms of tourism receipts (revenue generation)?

International Tourism

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Inbound and Outbound Tourism

Inbound tourism includes visits to a nation by guests who are non-citizens of that nation. In contrast, outbound tourism entails events to a place by the peoples of a nation outside their country for nor less than 24 hours and not more than one consecutive year (Camilleri, 2018). For instance, an American Citizen visiting a foreign country such as China for purposes of pleasure, leisure, or learning can be considered as outbound tourism. A retired American has tour walks in England, which is outside his usual environment.

Four Phenomena That Contributed to Modern Mass Tourism.

The four major phenomena that contributed to modern mass tourism included the technological progress, legal conditions, environmental factors and socio-economic development.  (Camilleri, 2018). The emergence of working-class and employment has facilitated socio-economic development where people have more disposable income and more purchasing power to spend on travel which has led to the growth of mass tourism. Infrastructure and transportation are among the environmental factors that have evolved, making communication easy and fast, which has allowed the tourist to find out, research, book, and pay for their holidays, thus leading to the increase in mass tourism despite the technological advancement. The ideas of paid leave for workers have enabled legal holidays and shortened working hours which have facilitated leisure and vacation.

UNWTO and WTTC.

The WTTC is the world’s leading forum for the tourism and travel industry, consisting of the global business community to facilitate awareness about the tourism and travel industry. Over the years, the WTTC has conducted researches on the economic impact of tourism and facilitates sustainable growth of travel and tourism. UNWTO is an agency in the United Nations that has specialized in the agency responsible for sustainable, responsible, and globally accessible tourism. UNWTO aims to stimulate and encourage tourism as a means of facilitating environmental sustainability, economic growth, and comprehensive improvement.

Major components of the Tourism System

Attractions-This is the main component that attracts people to travel and visit new places. These include cultural sites, historical buildings, archeological sites, and scenery (Camilleri, 2018).

Facilities- These are the services and amenities that are required by visitors while traveling. The facilities or services complement the site tour experience and attraction. For instance, catering and accommodation are essential during travel.

Infrastructure-  Infrastructure entails the forms of travel such as train, bus, or air, restaurants that play a vital role in improving the tourism sector.

Hospitality- This focuses on offering great travel, accommodation, and facilities to improve guests’ feelings and attitudes.

Geographical Elements of Tourism

The three geographical elements of tourism include the transit route, travel generating region, as well as tourist destination region (Camilleri, 2018). Several tourists take part in the destination region since all the establishments, accommodations, and services are held. Considerably, the tourist destination has functioned as a pull factor in the market and offers an area for several tourist activities. It attracts various kinds of tourists with quality management and attraction services.

Functional components of the tourism industry

Tourism Marketing-This is the beginning of the facilitation and stimulation of communication. Marketing differentiates the features of location that are attracting the guests (Camilleri, 2018).

Carriers- This offers transportation services to and from the desired destinations. These carriers consist of buses, airlines, and trains. These are commonly located in the transit routes part of the system.

Accommodation- This offers temporary housing for the visitors along with services such as catering during the stay. These include places such as restaurants and hotels, guest houses, and camping grounds.

Attractions- These include the events, sights, and facilities. The attractions typically lie within the destination region as well as transit routes as places that can be seen by the guests during transit.

Travel agents-  This consists of all the operations within the distribution system in the tourism sectors that determine the movement and travel packages for the tourists through support services and intermediaries. These include the tour agencies and tour operators linked to the consumers and principals to support the network.
Miscellaneous services- These entail the tourist’s specialty shops offering services and products such as souvenirs that make the traveling experience smooth through food and other services found in all the geographical elements of tourism.

10 Tourism Destination Countries in Terms of International Tourist Arrivals

United Kingdom, Mexico, United States, Italy, France, Spain, China, Russian Federation, Germany, and Turkey.

The United States and International Arrivals

The US holds third place in international arrivals due to the volume of tourist arrivals in the country while they are in the first place in terms of tourism revenue generation due to the value of the US dollar is higher which makes the tourist activities to generate more revenue in international arrivals.

References

Camilleri, M. A. (2018). The tourism industry: An overview. In Travel marketing, tourism economics, and the airline product (pp. 3-27). Springer, Cham.