Criminal Justice
1. How has the colonization of the Caribbean, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa by different European nations influenced tourism and/or tourism development in these regions today?
Give two examples from the PowerPoint, readings, or other sources and explain how the examples relate to tourism.
You must link it back to tourism in the region today!
When crafting your response, please be sure to exercise cultural sensitivity. There were many negative outcomes with tragic consequences still evident today around the world as a result of colonization.
2. List five major tourist attractions of South America (use the textbook). Describe two of them in two different countries.
3. What is slum tourism? Discuss both pros and cons of slum tourism.
4. Discuss how Ebola impacted tourism in West Africa. Use the textbook required reading and TedTalk in the recommended reading folder.
Go through the video, you can find the video on youtube under this name,
“Climate change and Caribbean tourism” the duration of the video 17.07 minutes
(CEPUNEP, 2012) for these questions:
5. Explain what are the impacts of climate change in the Caribbean Islands and discuss how the impacts can be reduced.
6. Explain how tourism businesses can help community well-being and environmental protection.
Go through the article, “Sun, sand, and socialism: What the tourist industry reveals about Cuba” (The Economist, 2017)
and the video, please watch the video to answer the quiestions
“Changing tides of U.S. policy may sink Cuban tourism hopes”
(PBS, 2017) for this question:
7. While the news article (The Economist, 2017) highlights the potentials and obstacles of inbound tourism in Cuba, the video (PBS, 2017) talks about the US embargo against Cuba and changing US policies. Answer the following questions.
If you worked in promoting tourism in Cuba, what specific things would you do to encourage tourism in Cuba?
Discuss how the US government policies have impacted inbound tourism in Cuba.
Tourism Questions
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Tourism Questions
How has the colonization of the Caribbean, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa by different European nations influenced tourism and/or tourism development in these regions today?
Colonization in Latin America, the Caribbean, and in Sub-Saharan Africa has played a crucial role in the development of tourism in these regions today. In the Caribbean, colonialism and slavery left a huge number of freed slaves in the region. This resulted in “a dramatic impact on Caribbean culture in music, dance, religion, food, and customs” (Tourism in the Caribbean notes). These things are all important to Caribbean tourism today since they attract tourists from all over the world. Food and culture are some of the things that draw tourists to the Caribbean region. In Sub-Saharan Africa, colonialism opened up the continent through the exportation of raw materials and the importation of finished goods. Colonialists impacted the education system, languages, religion, government, and lifestyle. Also, they set up infrastructure and transport systems. All these, especially the airlines set up during colonial times, have a huge impact on tourism in the region. To date, most of the airlines used by tourists were set up in the region during colonial times. During colonization in Latin America, “Spain built many architectural wonders which now make up part of the colonial landscape” (Tourism in Latin America notes). These architectural marvels attract millions of tourists to Latin America every year. Colonialists also brought in religion, which included the construction of many historic cathedrals which are tourist attractions to date.
List five major tourist attractions of South America (use the textbook). Describe two of them in two different countries.
South America is endowed with many tourist attractions, most of which have roots in colonial times. Some of the major tourist attractions in the region include high mountains and alpine scenery, San Alfonso del Mar, well-preserved colonial cities, and Chilean wines in Chile; Corcodova Mountain, Ipanema, and Copacabana beaches in Brazil; and Tulum, Chitzenitza, and Chalma city in Mexico (Tourism in Latin America notes). Tulum, in the Yucatan Peninsula, is a Pre-Colombian Mayan city that was once inhabited by the Mayans before the late 1500s when diseases brought by European explorers decimated the population. It is one of the most visited archaeological sites in the country, with approximately 1.2 million tourists visiting every year. San Alfonso del Mar in Chile is one of the largest swimming pools in the world Easter Island. Every year, millions of tourists visit Chile to see the swimming pool and experience its vastness. The pool is part of Polynesia but it belongs to Chile.
What is slum tourism? Discuss both pros and cons of slum tourism.
Slum tourism is a type of tourism that involves people visiting impoverished areas or spending time in uncomfortable and impoverished conditions. These are usually conditions that are at a lower social level than one’s own. Slum tourism is prominent in regions with large slums, including Brazil, Kenya, the United States, and South Africa. The cons of slum tourism include slum tourists treating people in impoverished areas like animals in a zoo, the tourists not being interested in any meaningful interaction with locals, money failing to trickle down to the people who need it (ending in the pockets of tour companies and operators), locals feel degraded by being treated badly and their right to privacy being violated, underpayment and exploitation of host communities, and tainting of the image of a country through the publicizing of slums. The pros of slum tourism include its economic assistance to impoverished communities, it results in a change in people’s perceptions of poverty by putting a face to it and showing that people are the same everywhere, earning of national income through tourism, some tourism companies ensure that money reaches the locals, it helps communities as governments move fast to improve living conditions when slums are publicized, and it brings people closer by demystifying stereotypes.
Discuss how Ebola impacted tourism in West Africa.
West African tourism was negatively affected by the Ebola outbreak. Tourism is a major source of revenue for many African countries, including the countries that were affected by the outbreak. Potential visitors hesitated about traveling to the region, with fear defeating logic in areas that were not affected by Ebola (Gatherer, 2014). Bookings across the region decreased even in countries that were far from countries such as Guinea, Congo, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. In countries such as Nigeria, tourist occupancy rates in hotels decreased significantly despite the country being declared free of Ebola, as tourists exercised caution when choosing destinations to visit. Many conferences and tours were postponed, resulting in a sharp decrease in national revenues from tourism (Kongoley-MIH, 2015).
Explain what are the impacts of climate change in the Caribbean Islands and discuss how the impacts can be reduced. Explain how tourism businesses can help community well-being and environmental protection.
The Caribbean is the world’s most tourism-dependent region, with millions of tourists visiting the region every year. Climate change in the Caribbean has increased storms and heavy rain, long droughts, bush fires, warmer seas that result in coral reef destruction, damages to infrastructure due to floods and storms, changes in sea levels affecting beaches and marine life, and increase in temperatures (CEPUNEP, 2012). These outcomes negatively affect tourism in the Caribbean, resulting in decreased revenues from tourism. The impacts of climate change can be reduced through partnerships between tourism organizations and governments to converse the environment and minimize pollution, community education to ensure that locals understand the importance of safeguarding the environment, and government policy to protect natural habitats, mangrove forests, beaches, and historical architecture. Tourism businesses should assist the government in educating locals and developing environmental protection policies.
If you worked in promoting tourism in Cuba, what specific things would you do to encourage tourism in Cuba?
To encourage tourism in Cuba, I would try to talk to the government to ensure that its policies support tourism rather than imposing unbearable restrictions on tourists. The main problem for the tourism industry is the poor management of state-owned big hotels, resulting in unreliable showers, atrocious WiFi, and ill-maintained facilities (The Economist, 2017). I would recommend that the government invests in the tourism sector by maintaining facilities and encouraging tourists to visit the country.
Discuss how the US government policies have impacted inbound tourism in Cuba.
The policies developed by the former president restored diplomatic ties with Cuba, which resulted in the number of tourists from the US increasing. Arrivals in the country soared and bookings increased. The proposed policies by Donald Trump could negatively affect tourism as the president seems to be focused on cutting diplomatic ties by restraining tourism to Cuba (PBS NewsHour, 2017).
References
CEPUNEP. (2012, February 29). Climate Change and Caribbean Tourism. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7S-C1tBtWm8.
Gatherer, D. (2014). The 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa. Journal of General Virology, 95(8), 1619-1624.
Kongoley-MIH, P. S. (2015). The Impact of Ebola on the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in Sierra Leone. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(12), 542-550.
PBS NewsHour. (2017, August 7). Changing tides of U.S. policy may sink Cuban tourism hopes. PBS. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/changing-tides-u-s-policy-may-sink-cuban-tourism-hopes.
The Economist. (2017, April 1). What the tourist industry reveals about Cuba. The Economist. https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2017/04/01/what-the-tourist-industry-reveals-about-cuba.
