follow the paper instructions and make sure to include in text citations . thanks

Chapters 4, 5, and 6 discuss the racial inequality that takes place on the streets and in the courtroom. Please refer to your readings, lecture notes, the video for review, and the websites provided to answer and discuss the following.

Here is the video for review ( https://youtu.be/xToWC0O4UgQ )
Charles Ogletree with Soledad O’Brien on Race, Class, and Crime at 92Y

questions:

1- Is racial profiling an issue in our culture or not?
2- Do law enforcement and the criminal justice system discriminate against minorities?
3- Are there other contributing factors?
4- Are police officers getting the support they need? Explain what kind of support might be needed?

ANSWER

Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice System

Racial profiling

Racial profiling has been a long-standing issue that has deeply troubled the nation. Racial profiling happens daily in towns and cities across the nation where the security officials and police officers target individuals of color, humiliating them and frightening interrogations, detentions, and searches without evidence of any criminal activities (Egharevba, 2016). However, they are perceived based on their national origin, ethnicity, race, or religion.

Law Enforcement and The Criminal Justice System Discriminate Against Minorities

The criminal justice system and law enforcement have discriminated against minorities. Considerably, members of ethnic, racial, and other minorities have often faced abusive treatment, harassment, and arbitrary detention. For instance, the police unreasonably target members of the minority groups for arrest while prosecutors use harsher sanctions to minority groups. The criminal justice system has institutionalized discrimination where the minority are treated differently because of their origin or race (Egharevba, 2016). This has violated the principle of equality since the arrest and sentencing of the minority groups have been higher compared to the whites.

Contributing Factors

Institutionalized discrimination has been the most common manifestation of discrimination of marginal groups by the criminal justice structure and law enforcement. The social pattern of discriminating the minority groups has been institutionalized to create wide and stale accepted patterns of behavior in the criminal justice system and law enforcement. Racial disparity in the criminal justice system and law enforcement have contributed to discrimination of minority groups. Racial disparity entails the unequal representation of a certain group within the control of the system. This means that there is a certain group that is greater than other such groups in the system which leads to discriminatory practices and policies.

Psychosocial support of Police Officers

Trauma and stress experienced by police officers in the line of duty have led to negative well-being and health issues. Some of the common symptoms among police officers include aggression, nightmares, and distressing traumatic events that lead to depression, poor sleeping habits, and anxiety (Talavera-Velasco et al., 2018). Police officers have lacked enough psychosocial support from the pubic due to the bad experiences and perceptions of the police offers. However, police officers require psychosocial support which will enable officers to uphold psychological well-being while in the line of duty. There is a need to strive for programs that sensitive to the psychological; the wellbeing of police officers as they offer security and safety to the country.

References

Egharevba, S. (Ed.). (2016). Police brutality, racial profiling, and discrimination in the criminal justice system. IGI Global.

Talavera-Velasco, B., Luceño-Moreno, L., Martín-García, J., & García-Albuerne, Y. (2018). Psychosocial risk factors, burnout, and hardy personality as variables associated with mental health in police officers. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1478.