Research Critique

summarize two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.
provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.
Use previous assignment attached for articles

ANSWER

Summary of Quantitative Studies

Quantitative studies are described as a procedural investigation of circumstances done by collecting computable data and executing mathematical, statistical, and quantifiable techniques. The subject research gathers information from existing and potential clients through the utilization of sampling methods. Quantitative research studies are largely grouped into primary and secondary quantitative research methods. Examples of quantitative studies include survey research, experimental research, correlational research, and casual-comparative research methods. Other examples are government and non-government sources, public libraries, educational institutions, commercial information sources, and internet data. This paper focuses on the survey and experimental studies, their nursing application, and the ethical issues related to quantitative studies.

Survey research involves using online polls, paper questionnaires, and online polls to ask respondents questions; firms and institutions usually carry it to find out how their clients or customers rate their products and services. Survey research enables the organization to ask various questions, collect data and synthesize the data to get numerical results. Survey research is grouped into two types; cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys. Cross-sectional surveys are usually observationally carried in circumstances whereby the researcher targets a specific population within a given period, mostly common in healthcare industries, SMEs, and retails. Longitudinal surveys are done across several time durations to monitor behavioral variations of processes and the respondents (Corner & Lemonde 2019).  Experimental research is carried based on theory facts that haven’t been proven hence considered a supposition; the research involves the synthesis of the theory to either approve or disapprove of the idea in question. Experimental research is primarily grouped into pre-experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. The subject research method is mostly used in natural/social sciences; traditional methods have been deemed more viable and practical than modern techniques. Examples of experimental research design are evaluating teaching methods, employee-skill evaluation, and administering exams at the end of learning periods (Pramila‐Savukoski et al., 2020).

Survey and experimental methods are both applicable in nursing; for instance, a medical institution may want to evaluate hypertension patients’ eating and exercising habits. The research team will take a sample of patients within a particular confined medical center with relatively similar health conditions; bias resulting in research must be minimized at all costs. Survey research is efficient in areas where there are adequate and sufficient samples, thereby enhancing high accuracy levels. The experimental study has been used successfully in most nursing-related research, either in the laboratory or in the field environs; it is considered rigorous and ‘gold standard’ in research designs. For instance, the research method can be used to evaluate the effects of a new drug in the medical fraternity; samples can be grouped into two or three groups. One group is then given a relatively high dosage. The next average and finally the third is given a low dosage; in this manner, the medical technician will determine the consequences of administering high and low dosages of the drug under test (Nieswiadomy & Bailey 2018).

Ethical considerations or issues are those activities that take place when a specific decision, circumstance, or behavior leads to conflicts with the set and known society’s moral standards.  Ethical issues associated with quantitative studies include ensuring utmost safety to the partaking participants, the participants should be accorded respect, consent should be obtained from the participants before commencing the studies. Maximization of participants’ privacy, the confidentiality of research data should be adhered to, keeping the anonymity of participants and organizations partaking the exercise, declaration of conflicts of interests, or any affiliations. Finally, ensuring honesty and transparency regarding the research and minimization of any form of bias or misleading information should be highly avoided. Like any other studies, quantitative studies relate to the PICOT question since it is vital to identify components of clinical prove meant for procedural reviews.

References

Corner, B., & Lemonde, M. (2019). Survey techniques for nursing studies. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal, 29(1), 58.

Moule, P., Aveyard, H., & Goodman, M. (2016). Nursing research: An introduction. Sage.ana, IL 61801.

Nieswiadomy, R. M., & Bailey, C. (2018). Foundations of nursing research.

Pramila‐Savukoski, S., Juntunen, J., Tuomikoski, A. M., Kääriäinen, M., Tomietto, M., Kaučič, B. M., … & Mikkonen, K. (2020). Mentors’ self‐assessed competence in mentoring nursing students in clinical practice: A systematic review of quantitative studies. Journal of clinical nursing, 29(5-6), 684-705.